On June 27, 2025, the Supreme Court issued a ruling in Trump v. CASA, a case involving a challenge to President Trump’s January 2025 executive order purporting to limit birthright citizenship. The Court’s decision did not address the merits of the President’s ability to restrict birthright citizenship under the 14th Amendment, but instead focused on whether lower courts can issue nationwide injunctions blocking executive actions. The Court, in a 6–3 decision along ideological lines, emphasized that nationwide injunctions are an extraordinary remedy, not the norm, but stated that courts may issue injunctions that are broad enough to ensure that a victorious plaintiff receives “complete relief.” The full implications of this decision limiting district courts’ ability to halt unconstitutional actions on a nationwide basis remain to be seen.

Importantly, the ruling did not determine the fate of Trump’s birthright citizenship executive order itself. Instead, it clarified the parameters of nationwide injunctions, potentially narrowing how challengers can seek broad relief. It left open alternative legal paths—like class‑action suits—to achieve comparable outcomes, and asked lower courts to reassess whether limited injunctions could provide full relief to plaintiffs, including states. Further, the Court paused its ruling for 30 days to allow the groups challenging the birthright citizenship executive order to pursue other legal challenges, including class action suits.

Following the Supreme Court’s ruling, the advocacy groups involved in the Casa litigation announced they had already filed a class action lawsuit and a motion for a temporary restraining order (TRO) to continue blocking Trump’s executive order targeting birthright citizenship. For now, the executive order remains inactive, and birthright citizenship continues to apply to all individuals born in the United States, regardless of their parents’ immigration status.

Please contact your Van Der Hout LLP representative for specific legal advice.